A series of "states" (dots) connected with "transitions" (lines) in a complex system. Bigger dots correspond to states where more time is spent during simulation, thicker lines for faster transitions.

In the world of research, diffusion is understood as a process in which tiny particles disperse uniformly throughout a gas or liquid. Although these media are made up of individual particles, ...

(Phys.org)—As long as the temperature is above absolute zero, gas molecules are always in constant random motion. They may diffuse—or spread out—through three-dimensional space or, in a process called ...

This news release is available in German. Imperfections in the regular atomic arrangements in crystals determine many of the properties of a material, and their diffusion is behind many ...

Physicists at the University of Kaiserslautern in Germany have observed how individual atoms diffuse through a gas for the first time, and how individual collisions between particles affect diffusion.

State-of-the-art techniques make it possible to build a spin-chain quantum simulator based on laser-trapped circular Rydberg atoms. This simulator combines the flexibility of atomic lattices and the ...

Professor Dallas Trinkle and colleagues have provided the first quantitative explanation for how magnetic fields slow carbon atom movement through iron, a phenomenon first observed in the 1970s but ...

The rich behaviour of atoms diffusing on surfaces continues to hold surprises. New calculations suggest that some atoms prefer to diffuse just below the surface. For a long time things seemed — at ...

When two hydrogen atoms get close enough, the electron from each atom feels an attraction from the proton in the other atom's nucleus. This attraction pulls the atoms together. The electrons end up ...